大家都知道,西方政治文明的起源是希腊。亚里士多德曾经说过:“当官员由抽签产生是民主,由选举产生是寡头制” (”It is accepted as democratic when public offices are allocated by lot; and as oligarchic when they are filled by election“ )
孟德斯鸠认为:“抽签选举是民主的本性,通过选票选举则是贵族制的本性。抽签选举是一种不冒犯任何人的选举方式,但却使每个公民充满为国效力的愉快希望。” ("The suffrage by lot is natural to democracy, as that by choice is to aristocracy. The suffrage by lot is a method of electing that offends no one, but animates each citizen with the pleasing hope of serving his country.") 卢梭同样认为,只有抽签才能代表民主,而选票只能选举贵族。